人教版九年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)上冊(cè)《關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)》旋轉(zhuǎn)PPT課件下載,共24頁(yè)。
素養(yǎng)目標(biāo)
1. 掌握兩點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱時(shí),橫縱坐標(biāo)的關(guān)系.
2. 會(huì)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系內(nèi)作關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形.
3. 進(jìn)一步體會(huì)數(shù)形結(jié)合的思想.
探究新知
關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的特征
如何確定平面直角坐標(biāo)系中A點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)A′坐標(biāo)?
記作A ( 2,1 )
△ABO≌△A′B′ O
記作A′ ( -2,-1 )
關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)關(guān)系特點(diǎn)
橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)的符號(hào)都互為相反數(shù),
即:點(diǎn)P(a,b)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為P′(-a,-b);
點(diǎn)P(a,b)關(guān)于x軸對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為P′(a,-b);
點(diǎn)P(a,b)關(guān)于y軸對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為P′(-a, b).
利用關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的特征確定字母的值
例 若點(diǎn)A(2m-1,2m+3)與B(-2-n,1-8n)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O對(duì)稱,求(m-n)2018的值.
∵點(diǎn)A(2m-1,2m+3)與B(-2-n,1-8n)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)O對(duì)稱,
∴點(diǎn)A(2m-1,2m+3)與B(-2-n,1-8n)的橫縱坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù).
2m-1=2+n
2m+3=8n-1
m=2,
n=1.
∴(m-n)2018= (2-1)2018=1 .
利用關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)關(guān)系作圖
如圖,利用關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的特點(diǎn),作出△ABC關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形.
解:△ABC的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)
A(-4,1),B(-1, -1),C(-3,2)
關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)分別為A′(4,-1),B′(1,1),C′(3,-2)
依次連接A ′B ′ ,B ′ C ′ ,C ′ A ′ ,就可得到與△ABC關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的△ A′B′ C ′ .
作關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形的步驟
(1) 寫出圖形頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);
(2) 寫出圖形頂點(diǎn)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);
(3) 描點(diǎn);
(4) 順次連接;
(5) 下結(jié)論.
課堂小結(jié)
特征
P(x,y)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)為P'(-x,-y).
作圖
作出關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的圖形,先求出對(duì)稱點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)再描點(diǎn)畫圖.
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